![]() ![]() ![]() STM32F411xC/E register boundary addresses Read the Reference manual first!!!Ĭheck the Memory Map to know the address of Peripherals: ![]() You don’t know where to start, do you? Go back to the Documents guide and start reading and find what we want. No additional file is copied Step 3: Configure registers # You will see a startup file, some source files for System Calls, Memory Management however, at this moment, you don’t need to understand them, because most of their content are dummy or default settings. The project will be created with minimal number of files. In this example, we do not use any help from the CubeMX, so let choose Empty in project type option. ![]() Select the target device Step 2: Select Project type # You can find the target using either MCU Selector or Board Selector. Register-based Code Example #į411RE_Blink_RB.zip Step 1: Select the Target device # Please note that the below examples just do a very simple thing, but ther are explained in details, so it may be quite difficult to follow if you are not familiar to programming MCU at low-level. Schematic of the Green LED on STM3 Nucleo-64 board The Green LED is connected to the pin PA5 of the MCU. I choose to use a Nucleo-64 board with STM32F411RE. Refer to different types listed in Development boards and choose one suit for you. You can use any STM32 board because this is just a very simple project. You can use any development board you have as the steps below are general guide. This tutorial will show both 3 levels of programming. Read HAL APIs → Call APIs → Implement Callbacks Read Low-Level API → Call APIs → Implement Controller Read Reference Manual → Call Defined Register & Bitfields → Implement Controller Read Reference Manual → Define Register & Bitfields → Implement Controller Another open source HAL for STM32 is libopencm3. ST provides HAL Lib, and this lib is integrated with Code generation. It’s also hard to debug due to overriding or function pointers. However, HAL is big, and make your application slower. HAL is preferred to use in production as it is built and test in long time, and of course, it reduces time-to-market. In more complicated projects, Hardware-Abstraction Layer (HAL) is used for a quick development. Third, work with High-level Library (HAL) ST LL can be integrated in Code generation. ST also provides LL Library for this purpose. You can use LL as reference for the first step.Ĭortex Microcontroller Software Interface Standard (CMSIS) can be used at this stage. Low-Level Lib also uses register-based programming. This also makes your code portable, reusable, and usually more coverage rate. Second, work with Low-level Library (CMSIS, LL)Īt this step, you should use an abstraction layer to reduce your own code. This step requires you to read document carefully, to understand every bit of the hardware configurations and how they work.Īt this step, you should work on small application only, on simple peripherals first. Here is my opinion to learn MCU which I’ve followed to get better understanding: First, start with bare-metal/ register-based programming There are many topics on the internet discussing how to learn MCU though generated code or through self-written bare-metal/register-based code. Step 2: Select the target Firmware Package ![]()
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